important in helping seismologists determine the epicenter of the earthquake. How many minutes elapsed between the arrival of the first P wave and the last measurable If a quake is far from the seismograph, the P-waves arrive long before the S-waves. endstream endobj 84 0 obj <> endobj 85 0 obj <> endobj 86 0 obj <>stream To make a magnitude determination, two measurements are needed: the S-P interval (already determined earlier in the tutorial) and the maximum amplitude of the seismic waves. question 1 of 3. within type by subtype, then by grade, etc. You learned that seismologists determine the distance to the earthquake epicenter using the difference between S and P wave arrival times. Figure 13.10). Students also investigate which structural designs are most likely to survive an earthquake. How does the lag time change as you get farther and 0000001533 00000 n Success is figuring out that the estimated magnitude is 5.9. 12), Evaluate ways that technology can impact individuals, society, and the environment. This is determined by the P-and S-wave arrival times. Geology Labs On-Line, Department of Geological Sciences, California State University, Los Angeles, CA. 0000007097 00000 n (Source: USGS, Wikipedia). I contacted the persons listed below to find out the location of the following people entitled to notice Name of Person Measure the difference in arrival times between the first shear (s) wave and the first compressional (p) wave, which can be interpreted from the seismogram. P and Swaves are body waves and travelthrough the interior of the earth. Locating an Epicenter through Triangulation of Seismic Data- Remote/Hybrid/Live. 9 - 0000106240 00000 n Earthquakes can also cause tsunamis, which are very large waves that can damage coastlines and put coastal residents in danger. (Figure 3):. Answer the following questions in the spaces provided. For lower grades, just introduce the concepts of triangulation and the magnitude scale; a thorough understanding of P and S waves is not vital. For example, Use mathematical representations of phenomena or design solutions to describe and/or support claims and/or explanations. consider a seismograph stationed 3, Note the differences in Earth and Space, Physical Science, A process called triangulation uses seismic data from three locations to identify the epicenter of an earthquake.copyrightCopyright USGS http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/kids/eqscience.php. approximate period of the surface waves in seconds? 12 Earthquake Location Lab Answer Key (PDF) - skislah.edu Web12-earthquake-location-lab-answer-key 1/1 Downloaded from skislah.edu.my on February 15, 2023 by guest 12 Earthquake Location Lab Answer Key Right here, we have countless ebook 12 Earthquake Location Lab Answer Key and collections to check out. 0000003254 00000 n Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Lab Answers Thank you for reading Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Lab Answers . It is called triangulation because a triangle has three sides, and it takes three seismographs to locate an earthquake. travel 3,000 miles. Make an overhead copy of each of the handouts. Do limits exist on what science can predict? The simulation renders three circles on a map and directs students to find the epicenter. (i. Key Facts & Information. 0000001862 00000 n Add to FlexBook Textbook. 0000053998 00000 n X!.43p2t!}SLx-3z.KN4X+H\+vk? 1. What is an earthquake? All 100,000+ K-12 STEM standards covered in TeachEngineering are collected, maintained and packaged by the Achievement Standards Network (ASN), Since the 1970s, the use of the Richter magnitude scale has largely been replaced in the scientific community by the moment magnitude scale (MMS). to the lag time measured at this location? 74 Earthquake Activity: Locating the Epicenter and Time of Earthquake . Many updates and improvements! Find 23 millimeters on the right side of the chart and mark that point. Seismic stations detect earthquakes by the tracings made on seismographs. earthquake. Tips: Make sure students are reading the S waves and not the P waves. This opens a new window to Michigan Techs UPSeis informational site about earthquakes and seismology. The lag time for any Learn more How Can I Locate the Earthquake Epicenter? Get the inside scoop on all things TeachEngineering such as new site features, curriculum updates, video releases, and more by signing up for our newsletter! 0000003855 00000 n Legal. Click for facts and worksheets in PDF! (5 minutes) Discuss how gathering information on epicenters can be applied. S waves. 0000000956 00000 n Epicenter is the location on the surface of the Earth directly above where the earthquake starts. The uses of technologies and any limitations on their use are driven by individual or societal needs, desires, and values; by the findings of scientific research; and by differences in such factors as climate, natural resources, and economic conditions. to the lag time measured at this location? Focus (aka Hypocenter) is the location in the Earth where the earthquake starts. They use three seismographs in a process called triangulation to determine earthquake epicenters. What about P waves? 0000005149 00000 n 0000005544 00000 n Though they may weaken with distance, seismographs are sensitive enough to still detect these waves. Learn from this informative and clear video.Brought you by award-winning Once each student has constructed his or her circle on the map, mark with an X, the epicenter of the earthquake. 0000115324 00000 n Mr Gneiss. What data is used to determine magnitude? surface wave? use slide 6 and answer key slide 7 how can i locate the earthquake epicenter michigan web the epicenter of the earthquake is somewhere on the edge of that circle do the Subjects: Earth Sciences, General Science Grades: 5th - 8th Types: Activities, Laboratory Y$Kr;V6[;Dq vg~cx:A[^jCssupwD endstream endobj 80 0 obj <> endobj 81 0 obj <>stream 2. While earthquake locations are normally done with a computer that can quickly determine the paths of seismic waves through the Earth to many seismic stations, 15 Introduction to Geology Chapter Worksheet . View Notes - Locating_an_epicenter_activity from SCIENCE Earth Scie at Toms River High North. In the U.S., earthquake measurements under the MMS (those of magnitude 3.5 or higher) are still commonly erroneously referred to by the general public and media as being on the Richter scale, due to more familiarity with the Richter scale. In this investigation, participants will understand that S and P waves are used to find the epicenter of an earthquake by using seismograph data to triangulate an epicenter. Students learn about the types of seismic waves produced by earthquakes and how they move through the Earth. The nations most famous fault is the San Andreas Fault, which runs along a north-south trend in southern California, and happens to run directly through Los Angeles. Show students some of the numerous online animations comparing the movements of P and S waves. Introduction: Before student pairs look at the Earthquakes Living Lab, direct them to complete the Engage section of the Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Worksheet, which asks them to apply any prior knowledge and/or speculate as to what the Richter magnitude scale is and what an epicenter is. It takes S waves 14. The point beneath Earth's surface where rock breaks under stress and causes an earthquake. Earthquakes and Volcanoes. Accessed December 11, 2013. http://www.sciencecourseware.com/virtualearthquake/, USGS Earthquake Magnitude Policy (implemented on January 18, 2002). d>(ZvO= Several thousand seismographs exist at locations around the planet, continuously measuring abnormalities in the Earth's movement. Accessed December 11, 2013. http://earthquake.usgs.gov/aboutus/docs/020204mag_policy.php. Specifically, seismographs make recordings (seismograms) of the seismic waves generated from earthquakes, providing engineers and other researchers with data that they use to make predictions about future earthquakes. To complete the activity, some prior . Make arrangements so that each student group has a computer with Internet access. One seismogram indicates the distance to the epicenter. 0000030968 00000 n Reading Strategy. This is determined by the P-and S-wave arrival times. Richter scale Method of earthquake measurement based on the amplitude of seismic . P wave. Using the real-world data in the living lab enables students and teachers to practice analyzing data to solve problems and answer questions, in much the same way that scientists and engineers do every day. miles from the epicenter of an Geologists use seismic waves to locate an earthquake's epicenter. Earthquakes & Volcanoes Test Review Answers. (Source: USGS). What is the Swaves arrive at the seismic station after the Pwaves. Focal Depth. If you complete all the problems, you should be able to: Identify P, S, and surface waves on a simple seismogram. Hand out the worksheets to the groups and direct them to read through the instructions. 9 - graph. Using online resources and simulations available through the Earthquakes Living Lab, students explore the consequences of subsurface ground type and building height on seismic d Seismographs are measuring devices designed by engineers and used by researchers to determine the locations and magnitudes of earthquakes. This section explains what earthquakes and faults are and what causes earthquakes. Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. Record your answer from Lab Exercise #2, Step 1. 0000030504 00000 n Do you agree with this alignment? An earthquake is the violent movement of tectonic plates in the Earth's crust. ACTIVITY 4.2B Locating an Earthquake Figure 4.5 shows seismograms for the same earthquake recorded at three locations - New York, Nome, Alaska, and Mexico City. Thanks for your feedback! 0000002250 00000 n As the drum rotated, t, pen recorded the arrival of P, S, and surface, between arrival of P and S waves is called, epicenter, the longer the lag time measured, velocity, amplitude, and frequency of the. Finding the epicenter of an Earthquake by Ah - Ha Lessons 5.0 (1) $3.00 PDF Activity This lesson teaches the student the process scientists use to locate the epicenter of an EQ. The wavelength and frequency of a wave are related to one another by the speed of travel of the wave, which depends on the type of wave and the medium through which it is passing. Scientists use triangulation to find the epicenter of an earthquake. Q(_?!6YV3B"\'9:4gTp*7^/P.X!skfkJ)1nG#a\{UD+iWM+ rQR]9SFTUPlM#"c:;tnsQPlu]Uyv?Ge}W;8cMA/x}'5clES~+}S+N7}wQ:/BkmI^" 5oqaBC[TRjq4.e}F:SQg{=u\xcg~EaZKReoC?oahJ` 'w endstream endobj 77 0 obj <>stream 9 - Tracings made at three separate seismic stations are needed to locate an earthquake epicenter. endstream endobj startxref [N'. A circle is drawn from each of the three different seismograph locations, where the radius of each circle is equal to the distance from that station to the epicenter. Dochub is the best editor for changing your documents online. DocHub v5.1.1 Released! What data is used to determine magnitude? farther from the epicenter of an earthquake? A seismograph is securely mounted onto the surface of the earth so that when the earth shakes, the entire unit shakes with it EXCEPT for the mass on the spring, which has inertia and remains in the same place. 0 (Grades Develop a solution to a technological problem that has the least negative environmental and social impact. Scientists and engineers around the globe gather data through observation and experimentation and use it to describe and understand how the world works. These distances are determined using a travel-time curve, which is a graph of Pand S-wave arrival times (see Figure 13.11). Using historical seismographs, engineers forecast the strength or magnitude of earthquakes and make predictions and determine building codes and safety protocols. seismogram. Earthquakes Living Lab: Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes ActivityWorksheet Example Answers 4 now big earthquakes are measured using the moment magnitude scale; both scales essentially rank the power (energy release) of the earthquake. Fill Locating The Epicenter Of An Earthquake Worksheet Answers, Edit online. 12), computer or other device with Internet access, journal or writing paper for each student. Doing this generates an S-P interval graph (time vs. distance, called the travel-time curve graph) from which they determine and select three epicentral distances. How is the magnitude of an earthquake determined? As discussed earlier in this lesson, this method of determining the epicenter of an . What are those limits? Do you agree with this alignment? E}g7$i(=K)"aj%v]vPcYloi@X3noGX{[XucOgkdF.>Ym^fwrQf;8_Nok3w\;?n_Hhc?>k\o[%DgwJ'3d.lTqDy_aJw! The real-world earthquake data is viewable via a graphical interface using a scaling map. The time S wave: The second seismic wave of an earthquake. Once three seismographs have been located, find the time interval between the arrival of the P-wave . Take a few minutes to read the information on the left side of this page for the 2010 earthquake off the coast of central Chile. 0000003991 00000 n Objective Use data from seismograms to locate the epicenters of earthquakes. Empirical evidence is required to differentiate between cause and correlation and make claims about specific causes and effects. You can also download it, export it or print it out. However, please review it for the specific setting, materials, students, and conventional safety precautions. Travel-time graphDistance in Miles, Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01, seismogram. The living lab presents earthquake information through a focus on four active seismic areas and historic earthquakes in those areas. This worksheet focuses on using the p and s graph to find different variables. The distance is in kilometers. lag time. Triangulation is required to determine exactly where it happened. longer or shorter). Section 8.1 What Is an Earthquake? Run through the investigation yourself and record the data, just to see how long it takes. directly above it on the surface of the earth is called the epicenter. Use mathematical representations to support a claim regarding relationships among the frequency, wavelength, and speed of waves traveling in various media. One seismogram indicates the distance to the epicenter. Thus technology use varies from region to region and over time. 2. 5. focus - the point within Earth where an earthquake originates. 6. hb```b````e``n`d@ A 'EF''oquE"ky#:}m;9JmkPt~=unFHy&|X:70 vILZ*|%6mD! 0000001396 00000 n Before looking at the Earthquakes Living Lab, have pairs complete the, Then guide the teams to the Earthquakes Living Lab via the living lab website at. A circle is drawn from each of the three different seismograph locations, where the radius of each circle is equal to the distance from that station to the epicenter. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Most of these earthquakes are small tremors that cant be felt by people, but occasionally an earthquake occurs on a large magnitude that causes millions of dollars in property damage and kills hundreds to thousands of people. Triangulation and Magnitude: Student pairs complete the worksheet, which includes following a tutorial/simulation accessed through the Earthquakes Living Lab. 12), Seek, evaluate, and use a variety of specialized resources available from libraries, the Internet, and the community to find scientific information on Earth's history Three seismographs are needed. 0000006984 00000 n Copyright 2023. Answer Key: Lab 5 Earthquakes - Find People EARTHQUAKES: Epicenter Determination and Seismic Waves . Use Figure 5 and the travel-time graph in Figure 4 to determine . seismograph: An instrument that measures motions of the ground, including those of seismic waves generated by earthquakes. hWmo9+[+UH EkNB|6YiaVJ=cRh7{T1R,5LI1$K=s)XR&87@&$LTPLutlcyNuzjf--\?qaXZM&HM.Eg"HnTqSWqN0&~2kf0 Md|d&:zhe)7I? Three seismographs are needed. The vertical lines, spaced one, minute apart, represent the passage of time, (from left to right). Students learn about factors that engineers take into consideration when designing buildings for earthquake-prone regions. inch = 500 km. (from left to right). The USGS Earthquake Hazards Program is part of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP), established by Congress in 1977, and the USGS Advanced National Seismic System (ANSS) was established by Congress as a NEHRP facility. !D,X2:azTG)kPT~Mj 4>d w@O'. time for any point that is 3,000 miles Today, most seismologists no longer follow Richter's original methodology because it does not give reliable results when applied to stronger earthquakes and it was not designed to use data from earthquakes recorded at epicentral distances greater than ~600 km. Using 3 seismograms the students will be able to triangulate the epicenter of an earthquake. The western U.S. has more faults than the eastern U.S., and therefore the western U.S. has more earthquakes. A. Seismic waves-waves generated by an earthquake, can move the ground forward and back- answers the question. 0000001893 00000 n Facility Name Busine Child ren Information Child Name C. Child Social Security Number Type of Case being filed - Check only one category. Step 1: ans- d) 65 seconds Ste . Place a ruler (or straight edge) on the chart between the points you marked for the distance to the epicenter and the amplitude. earthquake lab lab: locating the epicenters of earthquakes objective measurable learning outcomes use data from seismograms to locate the epicenters of Skip to document Ask an Expert Sign inRegister Sign inRegister Home Ask an ExpertNew My Library Discovery Institutions Western Governors University Southern New Hampshire University Today we will be using a traveltime graph, where the vertical separation between, the P and S curves is equal to the difference in the arrival times between the Pwave, and Swave. (, Have any of you ever experienced an earthquake or know anyone who has? Seismograms As you read and complete the activity, take notes so you can complete the. [k0 |`2dGXGGGd00A(60P-e = F5n -f$ C P and Swaves are body waves and travel, through the interior of the earth. earthquake - shaking and vibration of Earth's surface. Must engineers be content with mitigating disasters, instead of preventing them? pen recorded the arrival of P, S, and surface /g$=#!$EbBbhD!,x so^6Uc})\uJs=fyY}j'|YjTm8B_[}*Ovm\[J'.mu?lQg,wzJM^X&P w>-T%*h%J4 yB@VPmP]@D------------,2dfY$"A!ANAASi)4$dniiiinH% Gxt5DJ) )9RRr$II'y ??O's^3@[{*{VT?nsNS!ilq]mFO?? ' endstream endobj 69 0 obj <> endobj 70 0 obj [85 0 R] endobj 71 0 obj <> endobj 72 0 obj <> endobj 73 0 obj <>stream 0000002094 00000 n Download. The instrument detects and documents the intensity, direction and duration of ground vibrations, which are used to determine the epicenters and strength/magnitudes of earthquakes or other seismic events. Activity 4 Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Answers: Fill Out & Sign . 1. The spot where those three circles intersect is the epicenter (Figure 13.12). epicenter: A point on the Earth's surface that is directly above the place where the underground forces of an earthquake originate. If the lag time were measured at a location closer to the epicenter, The period of a wave is the time between two adj, How does the period of the P waves compare to t. Use data from seismograms to locate the epicenters of earthquakes. Cross), Give Me Liberty! Graphs, charts, and images can be used to identify patterns in data. El trmino tambin puede hacer referencia al ttulo o nombre de alguien a quien se di, Practica II - De Psicologian membrete es aquello que se ubica en el sector superior de una pgina, mencionando el ttulo o el nombre de un individuo, una empresa, etc. Accessed December 11, 2013. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moment_magnitude_scale, Novak, Gary. The period of P waves is shorter, than the period of surface waves. This activity is designed around the Earthquakes Living Lab, a resource and online interface that uses real-time U.S. Geological Survey seismic data from around the world. and S waves depends on the distance from the epicenter of the answer the following question. waves from a distant earthquake. Use the process of triangulation to locate an earthquake's epicenter. Sharing Information/Thinking Ahead: In the Evaluate section of the worksheet, student pairs are asked to compose answers to two questionswhether they think seismology is a reliable science and ways seismic data is useful for engineers. What did it feel like? Pwaves have the greatest velocity and reach theseismic station first. In this activity, students use an online simulationVirtual Earthquakethat is accessible through the Earthquakes Living Lab interface, to locate the epicenter of an earthquake by making simple measurement on three seismograms, recordings of an earthquake's seismic waves detected by instruments (seismographs) far away from the earthquake. 0000001736 00000 n The longer the time is between the P-and S-wave . If less precision is desired, precede M with a tilde, such as "M ~7" or "magnitude ~6.8.". Use Figure 4.5 and the travel-time graph in Figure 4.4 to determine the distance between each station and THREE SEISMOGRAMS the epicenter. Describe the logarithmic nature of the earthquake magnitude scale. Also called seismometer. 4. For this activity, select the "Chile" box. The farther away the epicenter is, the greater the difference . The point of origin of an earthquake is called its focus and the point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus is the epicenter. Video Guide / Worksheets and Quizzes for Quizzes and Answer Sheet __ 2. 0000078169 00000 n El trmino tambin puede hacer referencia al ttulo o nombre de alguien a quien se diri, Online Education Strategies (UNIV 1001 - AY2021-T), Advanced Care of the Adult/Older Adult (N566), Advanced Design Studio in Lighting (THET659), Introduction to Health Information Technology (HIM200), Biological Principles II and Lab (BIOL 107/L), PHIL ethics and social responsibility (PHIL 1404), Foundational Concepts & Applications (NR-500), Introduction To Project Management Software (CSBU539), Professional Application in Service Learning I (LDR-461), Advanced Anatomy & Physiology for Health Professions (NUR 4904), Principles Of Environmental Science (ENV 100), Operating Systems 2 (proctored course) (CS 3307), Comparative Programming Languages (CS 4402), Business Core Capstone: An Integrated Application (D083), BSC 2085-Study Guide - Dr. Alfonso Pino - Online course, Lecture notes, lecture all lectures - lecture notes from professor alan klein, Full Graded Quiz Unit 3 - Selection of my best coursework, EES 150 Lesson 2 Our Restless Planet Structure, Energy, & Change, General Chemistry I - Chapter 1 and 2 Notes, 1-2 Short Answer- Cultural Objects and Their Culture, Historia de la literatura (linea del tiempo), ACCT 2301 Chapter 1 SB - Homework assignment. gov For online instructions and current fees click here. Quick Tips. locate and label the epicenter of the earthquake on this map. 0000001746 00000 n Another method of locating an earthquake is to use the P-wave arrival-time minus origin-time (P - O) interval instead of distance. How can you locate an earthquake's epicenter? Why might the triangulation method not always produce an exact point (other than your measurement errors)? 0000006011 00000 n 1. When seismic data is collected from at least three different locations, it can be used to determine the epicenter by where it intersects. Every earthquake is recorded on numerous seismographs located in different directions. trailer <<320C1F98F8FF4795B5CCB8D9E9A0B99B>]/Prev 812054/XRefStm 1396>> startxref 0 %%EOF 93 0 obj <>stream Civilization and its Discontents (Sigmund Freud), Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Applications (Gay L. R.; Mills Geoffrey E.; Airasian Peter W.), Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing (Janice L. Hinkle; Kerry H. Cheever), Psychology (David G. Myers; C. Nathan DeWall), The Methodology of the Social Sciences (Max Weber), Business Law: Text and Cases (Kenneth W. Clarkson; Roger LeRoy Miller; Frank B. Then locate and click the link in the center of the page under the question: "How is an earthquake epicenter located and how is magnitude determined?" 4. Conclude the activity with a class discussion (and perhaps homework questions) to share ideas and answers, as described in the Assessment section. Finding the Epicenter Determine the epicenter distance from three different seismographs.
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